Ensemble de données JSON standardisé pour prendre en charge tous les connecteurs du graphe de services

  • Rversion finale: Australia
  • Mis à jour 12 mars 2026
  • 9 minutes de lecture
  • Utilisez l’architecture TSOM pour prendre en charge les connecteurs du graphe de services standardisés à l’aide d’un schéma unifié et d’une logique ETL réutilisable. Cela réduit le temps d’intégration pour les nouveaux connecteurs et simplifie l’intégration avec la CMDB.

    1. Définir le schéma JSON commun

    Standardisez la sortie de tous les connecteurs du graphe de services pour l’aligner sur un format JSON unique conforme au schéma TNI.

    Assurez-vous des points suivants :
    1. Implémentez la logique de conversion dans le collecteur ou l’adaptateur pour générer des données dans le schéma commun.
    2. Assurer:
      • Les hiérarchies de créneau sur créneau ou de carte sur carte sont exclues.
      • Les interfaces logiques sont clairement marquées par virtual=true.
      • Les types d’équipement s’alignent sur les mappages de classe de modèle.
    Remarque :
    Le schéma doit prendre en charge l’adaptabilité de l’exécution aux changements TNI si disponible.

    Voici l’ensemble de données commun de schéma JSON qui prend en charge tous les connecteurs du graphe de services TSOM :

    {
      "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
      "title": "Telco Generic Schema",
      "version": "2.0.1",
      "oneOf": [
        {
          "type": "object",
          "properties": {
            "logical_composites": {
              "type": "array",
              "items": {
                "$ref": "#/$defs/logical_composite"
              }
            }
          },
          "required": [
            "logical_composites"
          ],
          "additionalProperties": false
        },
        {
          "type": "object",
          "properties": {
            "devices": {
              "type": "array",
              "items": {
                "$ref": "#/$defs/device"
              }
            }
          },
          "required": [
            "devices"
          ],
          "additionalProperties": false
        },
        {
          "type": "object",
          "properties": {
            "logical_connections": {
              "type": "array",
              "items": {
                "$ref": "#/$defs/logical_connection"
              }
            }
          },
          "required": [
            "logical_connections"
          ],
          "additionalProperties": false
        },
        {
          "type": "object",
          "properties": {
            "port_relations": {
              "type": "array",
              "items": {
                "$ref": "#/$defs/port_relation"
              }
            }
          },
          "required": [
            "port_relations"
          ],
          "additionalProperties": false
        },
        {
          "type": "object",
          "properties": {
            "logical_connection_relations": {
              "type": "array",
              "items": {
                "$ref": "#/$defs/logical_connection_relation"
              }
            }
          },
          "required": [
            "logical_connection_relations"
          ],
          "additionalProperties": false
        },
        {
          "type": "object",
          "properties": {
            "numbers": {
              "type": "array",
              "items": {
                "$ref": "#/$defs/number"
              }
            }
          },
          "required": [
            "numbers"
          ],
          "additionalProperties": false
        },
        {
          "type": "object",
          "properties": {
            "topologies": {
              "type": "array",
              "items": {
                "$ref": "#/$defs/network_topology"
              }
            }
          },
          "required": [
            "topologies"
          ],
          "additionalProperties": false
        },
        {
          "type": "object",
          "properties": {
            "topology_relations": {
              "type": "array",
              "items": {
                "$ref": "#/$defs/network_topology_relation"
              }
            }
          },
          "required": [
            "topology_relations"
          ],
          "additionalProperties": false
        }
      ],
      "$defs": {
        "keyRef": {
          "type": "object",
          "properties": { "key": { "type": "string" }
          },
          "required": [ "key" ],
          "additionalProperties": false
        },
        "optionalKeyRef": { "type": [ "object", "null" ],
          "properties": {
            "key": { "type": "string" }
          },
          "additionalProperties": false
        },
        "value": {
          "type": "object",
          "properties": {
            "from": { "type": [ "integer" ], "default": 0, "minimum": 0 },
            "to": { "type": [ "integer" ], "default": 0, "minimum": 0 }
          },
          "required": [ "from", "to" ],
          "additionalProperties": false
        },
        "logical_composite": {
          "type": "object",
          "properties": {
            "class": { "type": "string", "enum": [ "logical_composite" ] },
            "key": { "type": "string" },
            "name": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "description": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "devices": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/$defs/keyRef" } },
            "power_units": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/$defs/pdu" } },
            "fan_shelves": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/$defs/fan_shelf" } } },
          "required": [ "key", "name" ]
        },
        "pdu": {
          "type": "object",
          "properties": {
            "class": { "type": "string", "enum": [ "pdu" ] },
            "key": { "type": "string" },
            "name": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "description": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "model_name": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "model_number": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "unit_position": { "type": [ "integer", "null" ], "minimum": 1 },
            "slots": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/$defs/slot" } }
          },
          "required": [ "key", "name" ]
        },
        "fan_shelf": {
          "type": "object",
          "properties": {
            "class": { "type": "string", "enum": [ "fan_shelf" ] },
            "key": { "type": "string" },
            "name": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "description": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "slots": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/$defs/slot" } }
          },
          "required": [ "key", "name" ]
        },
        "device": {
          "type": "object",
          "properties": {
            "class": { "type": "string", "enum": [ "device" ] },
            "key": { "type": "string" },
            "name": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "description": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "ip_address": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "mac_address": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "serial_number": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "model_name": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "model_number": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "manufacturer": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "firmware_version": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "slots": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/$defs/slot" } },
            "ports": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/$defs/port" } } },
          "required": [ "key", "name", "serial_number" ]
        },
        "slot": {
          "type": "object",
          "properties": {
            "class": { "type": "string", "enum": [ "slot" ] },
            "key": { "type": "string" },
            "name": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "description": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "model_name": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "model_number": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "manufacturer": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "unit_position": { "type": [ "integer", "null" ], "minimum": 1 },
            "cards": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/$defs/card" } }
          },
          "required": [ "key", "name" ]
        },
        "card": {
          "type": "object",
          "properties": {
            "class": { "type": "string", "enum": [ "card" ] },
            "key": { "type": "string" },
            "name": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "description": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "mac_address": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "serial_number": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "firmware_version": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "model_name": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "model_number": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "manufacturer": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "unit_position": { "type": [ "integer", "null" ], "minimum": 1 },
            "slots": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/$defs/slot" } },
            "ports": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/$defs/port" } }
          },
          "required": [ "key", "name" ]
        },
        "port": {
          "type": "object",
          "properties": {
            "class": { "type": "string", "enum": [ "port" ] },
            "key": { "type": "string" },
            "name": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "description": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "model_name": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "ip_address": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "virtual": { "type": "boolean", "default": false },
            "unit_position": { "type": [ "integer", "null" ], "minimum": 1 },
            "bandwidth_name": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "bandwidth_group": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "bandwidth": { "type": [ "integer", "null" ], "minimum": 0 },
            "mtu_size": { "type": [ "integer", "null" ], "minimum": 0 }
          },
          "required": [ "key", "name" ]
        },
        "number": {
          "type": "object",
          "properties": {
            "class": { "type": "string", "enum": [ "number" ] },
            "key": { "type": "string" },
            "name": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "related_ci_type": { "type": "string", "enum": [ "Network Interface", "Physical Connection", "Logical Connection", "Equipment", "Topology" ] },
            "related_ci": { "$ref": "#/$defs/keyRef" },
            "type": { "type": "string", "enum": [ "vlan_range", "vlan_subrange", "vlan", "lag_range", "lag" ] },
            "vlan_type": { "type": "string", "enum": [ "inner", "outer" ] },
            "value": { "$ref": "#/$defs/value" }
          },
          "required": [ "key", "name", "type", "related_ci_type", "related_ci", "value" ] },
        "logical_connection": {
          "type": "object",
          "properties": {
            "class": { "type": "string", "enum": [ "logical_connection" ] },
            "key": { "type": "string" },
            "name": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "description": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "model_name": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "bandwidth_group": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "bandwidth_name_a_to_z": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "bandwidth_name_z_to_a": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "bandwidth_a_to_z": { "type": [ "integer", "null" ], "minimum": 0 },
            "bandwidth_z_to_a": { "type": [ "integer", "null" ], "minimum": 0 },
            "equipment_a": { "$ref": "#/$defs/optionalKeyRef" },
            "equipment_z": { "$ref": "#/$defs/optionalKeyRef" },
            "port_a": { "$ref": "#/$defs/keyRef" },
            "port_z": { "$ref": "#/$defs/keyRef" }
          },
          "required": [ "key", "name", "equipment_a", "equipment_z", "port_a", "port_z" ]
        },
        "port_relation": {
          "type": "object",
          "properties": {
            "class": { "type": "string", "enum": [ "port_relation" ] },
            "parent": { "$ref": "#/$defs/keyRef" },
            "child": { "$ref": "#/$defs/keyRef" }
          },
          "required": [ "parent", "child" ]
        },
        "logical_connection_relation": {
          "type": "object",
          "properties": {
            "class": { "type": "string", "enum": [ "logical_connection_relation" ] },
            "sequence": { "type": [ "integer", "null" ], "minimum": 1 },
            "route": { "type": [ "integer", "null" ], "minimum": 1 },
            "parent": { "$ref": "#/$defs/keyRef" },
            "child": { "$ref": "#/$defs/keyRef" }
          },
          "required": [ "parent", "child" ]
        },
        "network_topology": {
          "type": "object",
          "properties": {
            "class": { "type": "string", "enum": [ "network_topology" ] },
            "key": { "type": "string" },
            "name": { "type": "string" },
            "model_name": { "type": [ "string", "null" ] },
            "devices": { "type": "array", "items": { "key": "#/$defs/optionalKeyRef" } },
            "logical_connections": { "type": "array", "items": { "key": "#/$defs/optionalKeyRef" } }
          },
          "required": [ "key", "name", "devices", "logical_connections" ]
        }
      }
    }

    2. Découpler la connectivité de l’ETL

    Assurez la flexibilité en séparant la logique d’interaction de l’appareil de la logique de transformation (ingestion ETL). Les utilisateurs peuvent développer leurs propres collecteurs indépendamment de la logique ETL.

    Assurez-vous des points suivants :
    1. Concevez des collecteurs pour qu’ils se concentrent uniquement sur la connectivité et la conversion des données vers le schéma unifié.
    2. Utilisez ou réutilisez n’importe quel adaptateur EMS/NMS (y compris les adaptateurs tiers comme Atrinet).
    3. Transmettre les données standardisées dans les jeux d’importation ServiceNow.

    3. Configurer l’ETL générique pour les mises à jour CMDB

    Utilisez un seul ETL réutilisable pour traiter tous les ensembles de données à importer standardisés et mettre à jour la CMDB avec précision.

    Assurez-vous des points suivants :

    1. Validez que le jeu d’importation contient des données au format JSON standardisé.
    2. Utilisez l’ETL générique TSOM pour :
      • Détecter le type d’entité (par exemple, Emplacement, Carte, Interface logique).
      • Mappez chaque entité à la classe CI correcte en fonction de la logique de mappage du modèle.
      • Renseignez les champs, y compris la catégorie d’inventaire, le cas échéant.

    Gestion spéciale :

    • Interfaces logiques → Table de ports (virtual=true)
    • Connexions logiques → Table de connexion logique
    • Cartes PDU → table PDU
    • Équipement → Classe CI basée sur un modèle (mappage le plus récent s’il en existe plusieurs)

    4. Configurer la prise en charge des périphériques multi-châssis et composites

    Modélisez des périphériques complexes tels que des routeurs multi-châssis avec des relations CMDB correctes.

    Assurez-vous des points suivants :
    1. Utilisez la construction composite logique pour représenter des entités groupées telles que routeur + PDU.
    2. Définissez les composants individuels (ventilateur, gestion, emplacement) sous leur hiérarchie respective.
    3. Mappez chaque entité selon les directives de modélisation TNI.
    Exemple : pour un périphérique multi-châssis 7750-2s :
    • La → composite logique contient un routeur et une PDU
    • PDU → contient des emplacements → des cartes → des sous-emplacements

    5. Activer la création d’entités TNI en fonction de l’installation

    Assurez la cohérence avec les normes TNI sans création inutile d’enregistrements.

    Assurez-vous des points suivants :
    • Si TNI est installé :
      • Créez automatiquement une entité TNI pour chaque CI détecté.
      • Définissez la catégorie d’inventaire de manière appropriée (par exemple, « Connexion logique », « Interface »).
    • Si TNI n’est pas installé : ignorez la création d’entité TNI pour éviter les enregistrements orphelins ou non valides.